Although data was collected by identifying patients with the highest medical costs, lowering medical costs was never Brenner's goal; “he was more interested in helping people who received bad healthcare” (Gawande, 2011). Although there is no clearly defined list of actions to be taken in the literature (Gawande, 2011; “Jeffrey C. Brenner”, 2013; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2014), Brenner clearly started by using his funds to hire staff and increase its data pool, identified the most vulnerable patients based on the cost of healthcare and frequency of emergency room and hospital visits, met with the most vulnerable patients, gained information on all factors that influence patient health through relationship building and then based on the client's needs, used a personalized case plan to improve the delivery of healthcare services to the patient (Gawande, 2011; "Jeffrey C. Brenner", 2013; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation,