Regional drug delivery via transdermal administration may be a better treatment option as this route is expected to be associated with fewer side effects due to targeting of the drug to the specific site. Furthermore, in case of any side effect due to the drug, the therapy can be stopped immediately, simply by removing the formulation/patch at any time. Furthermore, the transdermal route also provides sustained drug release and, consequently, a prolonged therapeutic effect (2, 3). Generally, the success of topical or transdermal drug delivery depends on the drug's ability to cross the barrier of the stratum corneum of the skin. Although the stratum corneum barrier can be overcome to some extent by the use of penetration enhancers, the approach is unlikely to improve the bioavailability of the drug in muscle or deeper tissues significantly due to the rapid cutaneous clearance of the drug (4). Drug absorption into deep tissues such as muscles and joints can be improved by reducing skin clearance using vasoconstrictors. Several research groups have demonstrated that the use of vasocones...
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