Indo-Pakistani Conflict Topic Background:As World War II drew to a close, many new nations began to emerge. In the Middle East, of course, the State of Israel was founded; two nascent countries, India and Pakistan, are born in South East Asia. In 1947, Britain drew up a partition plan, separating British India into the two countries we now know as India and Pakistan. Concurrently was the Indian Independence Act, which formally gave both countries the sovereign right to rule and also established plans for the princely states surrounding India and Pakistan. One of these princely states, known as the Jammu/Kashmir region, was and still continues to be the casus belli of violence and disputes between India and Pakistan. The region was 90% Muslim, but ruled by a Hindu maharaja, leading to discrepancies over which nation would join. A war in 1947, known as the First Kashmir War, broke out between India and Pakistan in an attempt to gain territory for their respective nations. Fearing for his own safety and that of the region, the Maharaja quickly signed the Instrument of Ascension, formally granting jurisdiction and governance to India. Pakistan denied the legitimacy of this rise and so the war continued. It ended in January 1949 after a ceasefire brokered by the United Nations. In 1962 India, apparently eager for Kashmir to be completely under its rule, clashed with the Chinese over control of the regions in the northeast of the Jammu/Kashmir territory known as Aksai Chin. The Chinese achieved a quick and complete victory over India, which maintained control over the region; furthermore, as a gesture of good faith towards China's continued support towards them, Pakistan formally granted China the rights to the Trans-Karakor... mid-paper... assured of the lasting peace of the ceasefire implemented as just as he took a particular interest in the founding of the new nation of Bangladesh. Since 1948, the United Nations Security Council has passed 27 resolutions on the Kashmir issue, with the last being Resolution 307 in 1971. Key resolutions include Resolution 47, which established the basis for a free and impartial plebiscite, and Resolution 91, which implemented and deployed UNMOGIP. Since then, all previous and current UN Secretaries-General have emphasized that UNMOGIP remains in the region because no resolution has been passed to close it, as well as the fact that no clear future has been decided for Jammu/Kashmir, and that until then, a clear peace in the region is highly sceptical. To date, no concrete agreement or plebiscite has emerged to determine the future of the state of Kashmir.