When hyponatremia is diagnosed, treatment usually begins immediately. Treatment must be a restriction of both salt and water (Gheorghita et. al 2010). Hyponatremic patients should receive a slow sodium increase with fluid restriction. Intravenous hypertonic saline 3% NaCl may be administered to patients diagnosed with hyponatremia. There is a precise formula that is used to determine the amount of NaCl to use to increase sodium levels and the rate at which it should be administered (Gheorghita et. al 2010). Treatment of hyponatremia that occurs too rapidly is associated with the formation of demyelinating cell lesions of the pons known as CPM. These lesions lead to permanent neurological damage (Gheorghita et. al 2010). Clinicians and patients should not fail to treat severe hyponatremia in an attempt to avoid the development of CPM. Failure to treat hyponatremia can lead to severe brain damage, coma, or even death (Schuster et. al 2009 and Gheorghita et. al 2010). The symptoms of CPM have been observed to improve with time, which plays the most critical role. Even treating hyponatremia with hypertonic saline still increases the most important risk of developing CPM, but in several cases a good neurological outcome has been observed when given enough time and one of the above therapies. Campos and colleagues believe that there is no cure or cure for CPM nor is there any definitive therapy (Campos et al. 2011). However, there are medications and even vitamins that are supportive treatments for CPM patients. Supportive treatments include cortical hormone vitamins and even serum replacement, but their exact role remains unknown. Less than a year after determining that there was no cure or… half of the article… be beneficial must occur as soon as possible after extensive correction of hyponatremia (Kengne et. al 2009). Prevention (change title or delete???) Since there is no definitive cure or treatment for CPM, the best measures to take are preventative. To prevent the development of serious neurological lesions associated with CPM, sudden changes in serum sodium levels should be avoided and slow correction of hyponatremia should instead be promoted. Concentrations of immunosuppressive agents must be carefully controlled to prevent neurotoxicity in all individuals. When a patient experiences LT bleeding during surgery it should be minimized to reduce the risk of electrolyte fluctuations. When it is necessary to perform an LT, the best effort to avoid CPM is to perform the transplant as early as possible of the liver disease (Campos et. al 2011).