In the previous studies mentioned above, most participants were between the ages of 18 and 30. An interesting and different study conducted by Satoh, M., Ogawa, J., Tokita, T., Nakaguchi, N., Nakao, K., Kida, H., & Tomimoto, H (2014), focuses on the effects of music on exercise in normal older adults. This study involved 119 subjects aged between 65 and 84 years. 39 subjects constituted the control group and 40 subjects performed physical exercises once a week with professional instructors (each exercise lasted one hour) with music. It is worth mentioning that their practice continued for a year. Furthermore, the rest of the participants performed the same exercise without music. MRIs were performed before and after each exercise; Medial temporal lobe atrophy was also assessed using the Voxel-based Regional Specific Analysis System for Alzheimer's Disease (VSRAD). This study suggests that older adults' physical exercise combined with music was improved. Furthermore, they also suggest that the music improved the overall cognitive function (brain activities such as reasoning and memory) of the participant. This is due to the stimulation of the parietal lobes by music and somatosensory inputs resulting from physical exercise (Satoh et al., 2014). Damage or injury to the parietal lobes can result in reduced or impaired coordination of movements (Bailey, 2016). The above results
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