Topic > Black and White: A Visual Interpretation of Racism...

In Michael Nelson's The Presidency, a photograph of President Lyndon B. Johnson presenting members of the 101st Airborne with their service medals for fighting in the war of Vietnam is used to describe how he served his term as president (see Appendix 1 for photograph). The photograph was taken in July 1966 at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, and is a black and white image showing President Lyndon B. Johnson moving along a line of soldiers, stopping at each one to shake hands as he medals are awarded. Behind the soldiers, several American flags are raised by another row of soldiers. The photograph effectively describes Johnson's presidential term because Johnson actively supported sending hundreds of thousands of troops to aid the South Vietnamese Army against North Vietnam and made many military decisions on actions while serving as commander in head of the United States Army. The soldiers' handshake after combat symbolized Johnson's support for Vietnam because it shows his appreciation for their war efforts, but I believe the photograph has a deeper meaning. Showing the racial prejudices still remaining in the United States after the official end of segregation 2 years earlier, in 1964, is an alternative meaning for the photograph. One way in which the continuation of racial prejudice after the legal end of segregation is shown in the photograph is because black soldiers are separated from other soldiers. Inside the photograph, the line of soldiers shaking hands with Lyndon B. Johnson is clearly divided into two sides, the white soldiers and the black ones. The white soldiers were the first to shake hands with the president, followed by the black soldiers. The order in which the soldiers' hands were shaken demonstrates the judiciary's middle-of-paper belief that it was appropriate to separate the whites from the blacks for the benefit of the whites. The photograph was correctly used by Michael Nelson in The Presidency to describe Lyndon B. Johnson's tenure as president, the photograph has a deeper and perhaps more controversial meaning to show the continuation of racial prejudice after the end of segregation. The racial bias in the photograph can be seen in the soldier's surprised expression, in the wider than normal gap between the black and white soldiers, and the white soldiers receiving their medals and shaking hands with the president in front of the black soldiers. The end of racial prejudice was supposed to end two years before this image with the Civil Rights Act of 1964, but the signs in the photograph show its continued presence. References Nelson, M. (1996). The Presidency. London: Salamander Books.