Presidential Policy Directive 8 revolves around national preparedness. Its primary goal is to strengthen "...the security and resilience of the United States through systematic preparedness for threats that pose the greatest risk to the nation's security, including acts of terrorism, cyberattacks, pandemics, and catastrophic natural disasters." ." (Presidential Policy Directive/PPD-8: National Preparedness, 2011). Directs the government to plan a systematic integrated security framework that will help prevent, protect, mitigate, respond to, and recover from terrorist acts and other similar events (e.g., hurricanes and tornadoes). Furthermore, the directive requires the framework to be scalable, flexible and adaptable. NIMS is the abbreviated name of the National Incident Management System. Its basis is to be an “…emergency incident preparedness, planning and response model that is an all-risks incident management system… (Maniscalco & Christen, 2011, p. 20). In other words, it is an emergency preparedness guideline for any situation. The National Incident Management System has no specific responsibilities beyond being a standard unified command system. However, NIMS defines the roles and responsibilities of federal, state, and local first responders during an emergency. NIMS: The roles and responsibilities of federal, state, and local first responders as defined by NIMS are a very broad topic, however. Many of the roles and responsibilities highlight the legal attributes of NIMS. For example, NIMS regulates the certification and credentialing of operators who respond to incidents. When responding to an incident, the incident management system needs the most qualified personnel. The most experienced... middle of the card... can be used by federal, state, local, private and non-governmental organizations for any type of emergency. The National Incident Management System is the result of this presidential directive; creates a comprehensive baseline that can be used by emergency responders. The NRF takes NIMS one step further; NRF implements a cycle where there is constant training and improvement. Additionally, NIMS practices the ICS command system; The ICS command system helps prevent confusion with the chain of command. MACS is the support capability when an incident is under unified command. Having a multi-agency coordination system allows all agencies to have a say in an incident; that way, when they help advise the incident commander, the incident commander can make an informed tactical decision. As you can see, NIMS/NRF/MACS and PPD-8 all go hand in hand in incident management.