1.0 DBA Roles: DBAs play an important role in every organization, they are the core part of the technology team, based on the organization DBA roles vary but most of their roles are very critical due to the impact, Architect, Quality Analysts, System Analysts and Developers, all have to work with DBA during different development life cycles. DBA skills are hard to find, most organizations prefer certified DBAs, and DBA certification is difficult to obtain. Organizational expectations from DBA: - DBA must have good knowledge of the database and its tools. - Knowledge and good understanding of SQL. - Database backup and restore. - Managing database usage. - Optimizing and monitoring database performance. - Managing database security. Listed above are only the high level skills expected by all DBAs and most DBA roles are derived based on these skills, below are some important roles performed by DBA. Database Maintenance/Design: -This is the main role of every DBA, the word sounds simple but it involves many things as a DBA administrator, starting from installation to patches and planning of all the tasks that will be performed by DBA. Apart from these, they also need to evaluate new database features, manage operating system and database changes. Database Backup/Restore: -The organization never wants to lose information and for this it depends on DBAs, another important role of DBAs is to backup and restore the data. Most of the features similar to time scheduling are used here to back up the database. Space management is also important at this stage and the storage process is also performed by the DBA. The recovery process is not used often but this is an important part of the DBA's role. Database security maintenance: -Data is very important and keeping it secure is even more important, the DBA must ensure that the database has enough security, he must keep track of all database access activities and permissions denied to unauthorized users . This also involves creating new user roles, application roles and maintaining these roles. Database Support: -Database is the heart of every application and to keep it running requires 24/7 monitoring, DBA team needs to support this monitoring and handle the issues that occurred during this period, most of the organization divides the DBA team into 3-4 teams to support different applications, all the details with timings are shared with the application and when required they contact the available DBAs for that time slot. Database Monitoring: -DBA has to monitor the database for several reasons like production traffic, performance, volume, traceability and security. Production environment needs a continuous second eye to track active sessions, DBA needs to track all these active sessions using tools like 12C.