JoAnn Robinson refers to the outcome of this civil rights movement as the Sober Victory because, although it was a victory for African Americans, it was a long struggle to gain these equal rights. African Americans were tired of suffering abuse and degradation. However, they also knew that equal rights did not equal sudden peace and acceptance. They were aware that the battle was only half won and that the struggle would continue until whites accepted a system of integration. Violence characterized this era and was largely why African Americans reacted to the news of victory the way they did. . There was forced segregation of many bus-like seats. If African Americans disobeyed these social norms, they would be punished by racist white citizens. Thus, when the courts ruled in favor of integration, many African Americans were targeted for embittered white citizens to vent their anger. However, whites gradually became accustomed to integration on buses, but informal segregation of other places still occurred. Even after the ruling of ...