Majority-minority relations in “Turkish” Germany Guest workers came from the Eastern Bloc, Vietnam, North Korea, Angola, Mozambique and Cuba. Their opportunities they were limited by the Stasi, the East German government. Guest workers were limited to their dormitories or an area that Germans were prohibited from entering. They faced deportation, premature termination of residency, and had to obtain specialized work permits along with other sources of overt discrimination in the workplace. Of the guest workers who remained in eastern Germany, around 75 percent were encouraged to leave due to the rising tide of xenophobia. The Vietnamese, one group in particular, were unable to return for diplomatic reasons. During this period the Turkish people experienced many forms of prejudice. They received citizenship for 8 to 15 years and stayed for a defined period of time, but returned to their home country once they acquired specific skills that would strengthen the economy. German workers, once they arrived, had to do jobs reserved for the unskilled which eventually led to Germany reigning in third place as the richest country. Crime was excessive, unemployment was extremely low and of these disasters only 18% came from Berlin while around 35% came from the city of the Turks. Housing and education were insufficient for guest workers, and although they played minor political roles, they generally kept to themselves and their social class. Germany's immigration program began in 1955 as the country suffered the strains of high layoffs. The guest workers in that period were of Italian, Spanish and Greek origin and in 1961 other workers also landed... in the middle of the paper... he insists on his conflicted identity by stating that "you are not a real Turk", and here not you are a complete German. We are somewhere in the middle.'' Although Inci has grown up and is emotionally attached to Germany, she is not accepted as a legitimate citizen despite having very little affiliation with Turkey, a place she only knows about during holidays. Like her, many Turks feel unwelcome in both countries, reinforcing personal identity crises. The combination of this identity confusion and Germany's strong ethnocentrism leads to insecurity and decreased self-esteem in the Turkish community, ultimately becoming the cause of a negative self-image. Ultimately, because Germany has repeatedly treated immigrants as a lower social class, they will begin to see themselves as such, reinforcing the negativity associated with their image and identity in society...
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