Despite the phenomenal improvement in global health care over the last three decades, there are still strong signs that large disparities exist between poor and rich nations. The cases in which these women die of postpartum hemorrhage, children die from preventable diseases such as pneumonia and diarrhea or someone steps on a mine in old war zones indicates the harsh reality that less fortunate people have to deal with. Obviously there is no biological reason why a person born in Mozambique should have a shorter life expectancy than a person born in America. Of course, there will always be economic and social differences within countries, but these should not cause large-scale illness and suffering. This is completely unnecessary. This is health inequality. The question is: why has it gotten to this level when the world has enough wealth and knowledge to help solve most of these problems, or at least improve the condition? Well, this is largely due to the complexity of the causal chains in each case. The combination of unjust economics and bad politics represents a major obstacle in the pursuit of greater health equality. The economy is closely linked to health. An important underlying cause of current health inequality is poverty. It limits access to basic resources such as sanitation, clean water and food. This often leads to infection with disease or malnutrition, causing diarrhea and other illnesses. Furthermore, some diseases are not just the result of poverty, but have contributed to poverty. Better health allows more people to take part in the workforce, increases productivity and could add billions of dollars to the economy. On the other hand, if the majority of the population has health problems, then… middle of the paper… ice and research that have led to an increase in life expectancy and a decrease in infant mortality. This demonstrates the fact that we know how to do it and now the challenge is to spread this approach more equitably and, more importantly, to give the global community the responsibility to decide whether it is a priority. Analysis of two factors that contribute to health inequalities between countries presents the fact that those whose lives are cut short by unequal economic and political conditions are subject to brutal inequality. It is clear that wide health inequalities between nations pose real challenges. Multidisciplinary approaches are needed to address the difficult task of untangling the intertwined chains of causality involved. This will involve a concerted effort by economists, epidemiologists, politicians, medical scientists and many others to reduce inequality.