As China's population approaches 1.4 billion, the highest country in the world, the demand for public transportation is becoming an imminent problem and thus, high-speed rail Beijing-Shanghai (BSHSR) emerged. Construction of the BSHSR began in early 2008 and was completed on June 30, 2011. The goal of the project is to connect two of the most significant economic zones: Shanghai and Beijing. The railway is 1,318 km long overall and takes only around 4.5 hours to complete a journey when traveling at the current operating speed of 300 km/h. The engineers also did their best to build most parts of the railway on bridges instead of roads to minimize the occupation of roads and land. The importance of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway can be explained by many aspects. Beijing and Shanghai are two of the most crowded cities in the world, the population of the two cities adds up to 40 million, which is double the total population of Australia. Transportation between the two cities therefore becomes a significant problem. Shanghai is the commercial and financial center of China, while Beijing (capital of China) is the main political and financial center. This connection between Shanghai and Beijing would certainly help the development of China's economy. Civil engineering played a vital role in the BSHSR project. Civil engineers are able to work in various sectors: structural, construction, transportation, environmental, water resources and urban planning. All these areas are key to the rail project. The main tasks of civil engineers in this project are modeling of railway structure, station and tunnel; the design of the railway route and the construction of... half of paper... the quality of the equipment parts and the frequent thunderstorms. After replacing them with more strictly controlled parts, there has not been a major power failure since. The main reason the BSHSR experiences such problems is due to the quality of construction. For example, some highly ethnic engineers working on this project complained that some contractors used lower-quality concrete or inadequate steel during the construction phase. A similar problem encountered during the construction phase is that some contractors offer the work to some unqualified construction companies who have filled the foundations of railway bridges with rocks and sand instead of high-quality cement. After these problems were discovered, China's Ministry of Railways ordered about $260 million from some qualified companies to rebuild the bridges.