The largest and most influential intellectual movement in Renaissance Italy was humanism. Humanists believed that the Greek and Latin classics contained all the lessons needed to lead a moral and effective life and were the best models by which a person can live. They developed a new type of classical scholarship, with which they corrected and tried to understand the works of the Greeks and Romans, which was important to them. Both the republican elites of Florence and Venice and the ruling families of Milan, Ferrara, and Urbino hired humanists to teach their children classical morality and to write elegant, classical letters, stories, and propaganda. The educational research of this society has allowed the concept of individuality to spread to all social classes. Through the ideals established by the Hundred Years' War, the Black Death, and the Protestant Reformation, the humanism of the Italian Renaissance all but enabled the modern concept of individuality. Classical literature and the philosophical elite's attempts to translate this literature helped bring this "illuminating" knowledge"....