In the Middle Ages, English literature faced a dark phase. The authors used parchment paper and all the text was neatly handwritten by an expert scribe. The languages ​​then were only Latin and Greek (Kaushik, 2011). The development of printing was the greatest cultural achievement of the Renaissance era. The presence of the printing press encouraged writers to write in the local language, rather than Greek and Latin (Kaushik, 2011). Renaissance artists broke the static mold of medieval art. During the Middle Ages the technique, style and artistic materials remained constant. Giotto was the first Renaissance artist to change the face of art, but others developed and improved the techniques (SparkNotes Editors, n.d.). New techniques and materials have been developed to make art just differently