Since the 2008 recession, thousands of jobs have been lost, and it has been difficult for many Americans to stay in their current social class. Many Americans have lost their jobs and without work that means no source of income that will lift them into the lower class. It was tough for children born into a lower class family, especially without a good education requiring money to pay school fees. They will never get a decent job to improve themselves. When it comes to ethnic minorities and white minorities, many people believe that it is ethnic minorities who are always at a disadvantage. Social mobility may be more difficult for ethnic minorities than for white majorities. When talking about the three major concepts of social mobility we must first start from horizontal mobility. Horizontal mobility is “the movement of an individual from one social position to another of the same rank” (Schaefer). For example, if a waiter