IndexIntroductionObjectiveNecessary ApparatusNecessary Chemical ProceduresPart A: Synthesis of Methyl SalicylatePart B: Synthesis of Orange Carboxylic Acid Alcohol Ester FragrancePart C: Synthesis of Acid Alcohol Ester Fragrance Strawberry Carboxyl ResultsIntroduction Esters are derived from carboxylic acids. A carboxylic acid contains the –COOH group. In an ester, the hydrogen is this group replaced by a hydrocarbon group of some type. The hydrocarbon group may be an alkyl group such as methyl or ethyl or one containing a benzene ring such as phenyl. Low molecular weight esters are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters can be obtained from the reaction of alkyl halides or acid anhydrides with alcohols or from the reaction of carboxylic acid salts with alkyl halides. ( Byju's, May 31, 2016) Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay Small esters have almost the same boiling point as ketones and aldehydes with the same number of carbon atoms. Aldehydes and ketones are polar molecules. Therefore, they have dipole-dipole interactions and Van der Waals dispersion forces. Their boiling point is not as high as that of an acid that has the same number of atoms because they do not form hydrogen bonds. Small esters are quite soluble in water but solubility decreases with chain length. The reason for the solubility is that although esters cannot hydrogen bond with themselves, they can hydrogen bond with water molecules. (Jim Clark 2004) ObjectiveSynthesis of esters that give fruits their characteristic flavors.Necessary apparatusBain-marie, test tubes, droppersNecessary chemicalsSalicylic acid, methyl alcohol, concentrated sulfuric acid, acetic acid, n-propyl alcohol, octyl alcohol, butyric acid, n- butyl alcoholProceduresPart A: Synthesis of Methyl Salicylate0.5 g of salicylic acid was weighed. The salicylic acid was transferred to another large, dry test tube and 1.5 ml of methyl alcohol was added. 3 to 4 drops of concentrated H2SO4 were carefully added to the mixture (in cap) and mixed again by tapping the bottom of the test tube with your fingers. This mixture was placed in the hot water bath (90°C) for 10 minutes to complete the reaction. At the end of the reaction, the tube was removed from the water bath and allowed to cool. After it cooled, the fumes were dispersed by carefully running your hand over the top of the tube towards your nose. You can smell the minty wintergreen. If you have difficulty smelling it, the contents of the test tube can be poured into a beaker containing hot water or a sodium carbonate solution. The aroma of methyl salicylate should be evident after adding hot water or sodium carbonate solution. The observation was observed. Part B: Synthesis of Orange Carboxylic Acid Perfume Alcohol Ester Acetic Acid Octyl Alcohol n-octyl acetate Orange-octyl acetate was prepared by placing 6 drops of octyl alcohol in a clean, dry 10 ml test tube. 2 drops of glacial acetic acid were added. 1 drop of concentrated sulfuric acid was added, the tube was shaken to mix the contents, and the tube was placed in the boiling water bath for 3 minutes. Once heating was complete, the test tube was removed from the water bath and 20 drops of water were added to the contents of the test tube. The test tube was shaken well. The odor of the product was noted with caution and the results were recorded. Part C: Strawberry Synthesis