If a student succeeds in a mastery experience it increases their self-efficacy, however if they fail and have a negative experience this can also discourage their individual self-efficacy. Vicarious experiences are experiences associated with observing people, referred to in the theory as “role models,” around them such as parents, peers, relatives, teachers, administrators, and mentors. The more students identify with the observed models, the greater the influence of the model on their perceived self-efficacy. The third stage of self-efficacy is social persuasion. Social persuasion has the potential to strengthen students' self-efficacy in a particular area when they have experienced a temporary setback (Bandura, 1994). Rightly so, social persuasion can be detrimental to student success when students believe that their role models do not support them or that they do not have confidence in them and their goals. This lack of confidence can have consequences such as students being less likely to pursue their goals, resulting in low self-efficacy, which can reduce academic performance. The final stage of