There have been many different studies that focus specifically on white flight and its effects. Many studies, in particular, focus on the reasons why this happened, and rarely on the resulting effects. This particular article will focus on the effects of white flight. It will mainly focus on some effects such as crime and income levels in urban areas. White flight is the movement of whites, particularly middle-class whites, from racially integrating inner-city neighborhoods to the suburbs (Dictionary.com, 2016). White flight was a movement or process that began after World War II. Not only did the process of white flight begin, but it was also the birth of suburbanization (Boustan, 2010). Basically, white flight and As mentioned above, white flight is defined as a process where white people decide to move out and create their own neighborhoods, such as suburbs. Once all the white working population and middle-class blacks left, all that remained were blacks, predominantly low-income. This particular process contributed to the creation of the "ghetto". The word “ghetto” can have many different meanings, for example a black residential area, or it can refer to an area for the poor (Massey & Denton, 1993). Basically, a ghetto is one or more neighborhoods, created only for a particular racial group (Massey and Denton, by creating the ghettos, African Americans were separated from other races. These ghettos were created to keep the African American race under control. When it comes to income, most of the black families living in these areas were unemployed and very poor (William, 1980). When blacks had to look for work, it was not easy because they would have to deal with discrimination racial, which was another reason why they continued to be so.