Every day different stimuli around us stimulate our sense organs. Many of these stimuli are received by our sense organs and are converted into sensations. These sensations are transmitted to the relevant parts of the brain. In turn the brain will interpret these sensations. It is only after this interpretation that we understand what the stimulus is. Therefore, in understanding the world around us, attention occurs first, followed by sensation and finally interpretation by the brain. This process of “interpreting the stimulus is known as perception.” So perception involves two processes: the interpretation of sensation. But the interpretation of any stimulus also requires past experience. For example, a child who has never seen an elephant in photoTarget: the characteristics of the stimuli also influence the individual's perception. For example, employees who talk are more likely to be noticed in a team meeting than employees who don't talk. The uniqueness, motion, sound, size, and other characteristics of a target influence how it is perceived by individuals. This is because individuals do not observe goals (stimuli) in isolation. The relationship of a target to its background influences perception. Furthermore, individuals tend to group together people, objects or events that are similar to each other. The greater the similarity between goals, the more an individual tends to perceive them as a collective group. For example, individuals tend to perceive people belonging to one nation as similar in more than one category, regardless of whether their individual characteristics are clearly distinguishable from those of one. Sensory limits and thresholds: Human sensory organs are equipped with nerves, which respond to the different forms of energy they receive in different ways. The eyes, for example, receive light rays and convert them into electrical energy. Electrical energy is transmitted to the brain creating the sensation of vision which leads to perception. Each sensory receptor requires a minimum level of energy for perception to occur. This level is called the absolute threshold, which refers to the point below which the sense organs do not perceive energy. The differential threshold is the minimum amount by which two similar stimuli would have to differ to be perceived as distinct. Therefore, sensory limitations and differential threshold influence perception
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