Textbooks, articles, and essays typically talk about America's "occupation," "oversight," or "intervention" in the Philippines. It seems they are afraid to use the word “colonization”. According to Webster's Dictionary the definition of colonization is: “The colonial system of political government or extension of territory, by which one nation exercises political control over another nation, territory or people, maintaining the colony in a state of dependence, its inhabitants do not have the same full rights as those of the colonial power. Controlling power is typically extended by military force or the threat of force” (6). In his book analyzing Japanese assimilation policies in colonial Korea, Mark Caprio makes a distinction between two different “levels” of colonialism: external and internal. He claims that external colonization is what Hannah Arendt calls “overseas imperialism…where their indirect policy exerts little effort to create political, social, or cultural ties with the peoples under their jurisdiction” (2). Although this is how the French colonized, the United States seems to adopt the British way of colonizing, which is Caprio's second level of colonization or internal colonization. This is what Benedict Anderson describes as “inventing nations” (Caprio 2). It requires the colonial power to send ambassadors to imprint its culture on the colony through control of things like dialect, media, education, and the military (Caprio 2). Caprio also mentions: “The decision to colonize, as well as the administration of administering the colonized, was based primarily on the needs and interests of the colonizer subject; those of the colonized object received minimal consideration” (2). Therefore, a colony serves… middle of paper… The Americans failed to see the Philippines as a free nation and did not provide equal rights to the Filipinos, treating them as a colony. Therefore, the United States colonized the Philippines. The Philippines, with military force, faced a three-year war. He did this not for altruistic reasons, but out of personal interest in commerce and nationalism. He “exercised political control” over the Philippines by ignoring the Philippine republic and its representative at the Treaty of Paris, sending his own people to govern the Philippines, and monitoring the creation of the future Philippine government. Finally, the United States failed to provide equal rights to Filipinos by ignoring the Philippine government and representative at the signing of the Treaty of Paris, maintaining racial bias in dealing with Filipinos, and excluding Filipinos from the right to the Monroe Doctrine..