Communication is fundamental in every relationship, whether it is a personal or impersonal exchange. Since the founding of North America, the Euro-American people have constantly clashed with the First Americans, never attempting to functionally coexist together. After years of misunderstanding between the two civilizations and in the rush to resolve the Indian problem on the Western Plains, the United States felt that action must be in order. While some members of the public believed that complete physical extermination was the way forward, Captain Richard H. Pratt pioneered the idea that it would be wiser to “Kill the Indian and Save the Man.” Although seen as a convenient solution during the late 19th century, boarding schools became a tool of cultural genocide against Native American children, exposing them to forced assimilation, backbreaking work, and abuse. War Department, Bureau of Indian Affairs. Calhoun's intentions for the bureau were to oversee treaty negotiations, manage Indian schools, and administer Indian trade, as well as handle all correspondence concerning the Natives. Once founded, the BIA created a strong bond and a sense of hope for peace between the two communities in their early years, but it was not until the mid-1930s that their relationship began to crumble. President Andrew Jackson saw the tribes solely as obstacles in the way of the newfound American dream, which was to expand into the West, the direction of this movement was guided by Manifest Destiny. The Indian Removal Act and other federal legislative initiatives sought to separate Indians from the path of settlement, and by 1840, the bureau and American industry…paper center…were intertwined between education and politics. Unlike public schools of the same period, which were separate and disconnected from federal power, Indian schools were a place where U.S. politics directly influenced students. Under the rule of the BIA, Indian schools were similar in architecture and landscaping and throughout the military style structured regime (Student Body Assembled). They also all had a common curriculum which included English, agriculture and manual trades for men and domestic work for women. The goal of boarding schools thus went well beyond industrial training, gender role socialization, and even the creation of capitalist desires. The resocialization of Native Americans had to be accomplished by institutions: removal of personal possessions, loss of control over one's schedule, uniforms, haircuts, and inability to escape organizational and political rules.