“Girls go to Jupiter to become 'dumber', boys go to Mars to get more chocolate bars!” Some of us may have heard this kind of unrefined phraseology during our elementary school years, or perhaps even uttered something similar (excluding current company, of course). Although youthful taunts and jokes often play to and belittle gender superiority or prejudice, the topic has accumulated a much more serious tone in recent times. In education, academia, and the corporate workforce, the notion of gender differences has been defined, redefined, and defined again, in pursuit of a single truth; How different are men and women, if at all? And if such a difference can be shown to exist, what does this mean for equality and real-life experience between the sexes? The pre-feminist concept of gender differences is captured by Harvey C. Mansfield: “Previously society recognized differences between the sexes, and by law and custom accentuated those differences (435).” And indeed, this has happened, as women have been left without many opportunities that their male counterparts enjoyed. The absence of such opportunities, including the right to vote, education, and property rights, is documented in Elizabeth Cady Stanton's Declaration of Sentiments (411). Stanton does not address innate gender differences per se, but she openly testifies to the political injustice experienced by American women in the 1800s. She highlights the “equal status to which [women] are entitled” through the prism of the Declaration of Independence , matching the inequality of women to men with that of the colonies to the English Crown, to reveal a sad portrait of female personality (411-412, emphasis mine). Gender traits in the past were placed in c...... in the center of the card ......f intelligence, we do not travel to different planets like boys and girls, nor do we come from different planets, as some have suggested recent books. We are created and born (on Earth) for distinctly different purposes, with a specialized aptitude for achieving those purposes. Both genders will be happier, families will be healthier, and communities will be more prosperous and connected when they make the effort to discover and embrace their differences and specific gender roles. To admit that there are differences, subtle or obtuse, in cognitive and physical abilities is simply to recognize our diversity, the oft-touted value of this new era. And this precious diversity is not and should never be an obstacle to equal opportunities or equal rights in society, but the sweet complementarity present in both the male and female roles that complement the other..