The majority of global energy production comes from fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas. Vast fossil fuels generate energy that is used for many purposes in the residential, transportation, and industrial sectors. While the rate of consumption of fossil fuels exceeding their formation leads to the oil price crisis. Another concern of burning fossil fuels is the impact on the environment. Global warming is a significant problem causing increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. These problems push researchers and companies to look for alternative energies, such as switching to renewable energy or carbon-free energy to replace fossil fuels. For example Nakata et al., (2011:465) show a “low carbon society”, designed to use less fossil fuels. According to Verbruggen et al., (2010:852) define renewable energy “is obtained from continuous or repetitive currents of energy that occur in the natural environment” such as wind and biomass. Many countries accept carbon-free energy as an alternative energy and are trying to develop and apply new technologies that allow them to use renewable energy sources in the most efficient way. However, the transition to carbon-free energy is believed to be an unrealistic way. This essay aims to assess the differences of opinion between renewable energy advocates and proponents that the transition to carbon-free energy is unrealistic. First consider the use of renewable energy. Secondly, evaluate the sustainable development of biofuels and wind energy. Finally we conclude the arguments on the potential of renewable energy to replace fossil fuels. Due to the increase in the world population accompanied by an increase in energy demand following the oil price crisis. Many governments... at the heart of the document... debate and argue about renewable energy or zero carbon emissions. This essay has attempted to evaluate the potential of renewable energy both in terms of sustainable development and reducible global warming. Renewable energy such as biofuels and wind energy can be seen as a safe, reliable and cost-effective alternative to using fossil fuels for energy security. However, the development of green energy has drawbacks, so funds should be provided for research and casual development from laboratory-scale products to commercial products, and these fuels will become more and more expensive to use. Clearly more could be done to produce energy without carbon emissions and with a more efficient and reduced environmental impact. Awareness of the benefits of renewable energy is also constantly growing, and the share of renewable energy in total generating capacity is expected to increase in the future..