David Ringrose's Global Expansion and Interaction deals with global history and civilization in Latin America, Africa, and Asia. Global expansion between 1200 and 1700 offers a useful perspective on the world since 1950. (Page 4) The theme presented in the book is global history from 1200 to 1700 and is presented in a cross-cultural and comparative manner. Examining five key fields of conflict, from imperial China to the Aztec and Incan empires, he demonstrates how areas of cultural, economic, and political impact overlapped and expanded. By 1700 this chaotic expansion had created a world of cultural, religious and commercial interdependence. (Page 6) The author notes that, by 1700, Europeans were effective throughout the world, but they were not yet dominant in some parts, and by the 1700s, their influence in the 19th century would have been difficult to predict. The concept of globalization is very recent but the term has been present throughout history. Expansion, whether imperial or cultural, was certainly nothing new in 1200 AD (Page 6). Globalization began to gain momentum starting from the Industrial Revolution in England, which was the most successful country in that period. Great intellectuals established theories of international trade that have lasted all this time because they are accurate and reliable. These theories are based on what is called the principle of comparative advantage. They claim that each country should dedicate itself to making those products that are more organized than others. Globalization is the process of social, technological, economic and social scaling, which involves the increase of communication and interdependence between the countries of the world by combining... ... half of the document ....... In conclusion David R Ringrose argued in the book that political and military expansion is the most common way of presenting expansion in terms of extending political control. Expansion is defined as the broadening of one's territorial growth. The Mongol Empire also provided a framework for economic expansion. (Page 8). Spain played an important role in the exploration of civilization, the Renaissance period of innovation, and the age of world exploration. Spain and the Spanish Mongol Empire, the empire shows how a series of independent societies became interdependent on a global scale in the 1700s. The Mongol Empire did not last as long as other empires, but it helped set the stage for a new phase in the history of world. (Page 5)Works CitedRingrose, David R. Global Expansion and Interaction, 1200-1700. New York: Longman, 2001. Print.