The purpose of this case study is to provide a detailed analysis of the theories applied while discussing the career development of a person from Pakistan. The main purpose of the case study is to give meaning to the applied theories while discussing the career progression of a person who has some experience in different jobs at a certain age level. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get Original Essay The person I interviewed was from Pakistan and belongs to a middle class family and resides in Rawalpindi district. She had a lot of interest in mathematics from the beginning and was overall good at studies. She was a good inmate. She said her father died when she was very young. His mother was also a worker. She has 3 brothers and all of them are younger than her. He has no sister. There are a total of 5 members in the family. She is the one who makes decisions for her family and her mother also makes decisions. Everyone listens to her because she is very confident and passionate about everything. He attended A level with science subjects: mathematics, physics and statistics. Subsequently, he obtained a degree in scientific subjects. He obtained his Master's degree in arts subjects, this is the first transition as he changed his subjects from science to arts. He said that he felt very good playing with his brothers in his free time and that he also helped his brothers with their studies. Even her brothers listen to her because she is very dominant and does things well. She further added that she is very friendly and likes to interact with different people and is an outgoing girl and likes to go out with her friends every weekend. What she said about her personality is that she is very sociable and likes to communicate with different people or people of different age groups. To explain the transitions he went through in his life and the reasons for such transitions have been discussed below: After earning his Masters he did a 1 year job as a teaching assistant at XYZ university. After that she did a 1 year internship at LMN University and then did the job as a manager in some other university for some time and now she is doing a job as a Department Coordinator in the same university where she interned ( 5:40 ). In her childhood, she was interested in mathematics subject as she said it was fun for her to practice mathematics of integration and differentiation, but later she changed subjects. (15:14-3:3:50) From the video it seemed that she was not sure about her career choice at that moment (16:04) and was thinking about making any decision. He did not undertake higher studies, in fact he preferred to do the job after his Master's Degree. When he was young he never thought about his future plans. She likes mathematics as a subject, but she never thought of becoming an engineer and opting for mathematics in the future, rather she preferred to choose those subjects which her friends told her to select, she changed her subjects from science to arts . There are basically four transitions in his life. And she said that she herself was the reason for each transition. The reason he talked about that transition was the financial problems he faced after his father's death. He wanted to gain experience in other fields as well. He doesn't want to stay in the same job his whole life. Probing more into her life experiences, she said that she did not face any problem related to her gender, rather she made her position strong in every job and did not face any difficulty in any work environment. It always remainscalms and relaxes with the environmental factors that surround her. She said that her family depends on her like her siblings depend on her and that is also why they listen to her. (5.21pm) He was still of the opinion that if he had a better opportunity than this, he would change jobs. CaseStudy: Looking at the background there are many theories that best suit his career progression. The first theory that helps the interviewer was the famous theory of John Holland (1959). The person said that she was very sociable and likes to interact with people who match her interests with her personality as now the work she is doing requires a lot of communication and interaction with other people. She further added that she has many friends and likes to go out with her friends every weekend. (08:09) said that she likes to play video games with her brothers and that she feels very happy with them (05:09). During the session she seemed very relaxed but confident, providing verbal and non-verbal cues that were very responsive and positive. As Holland (1973) “social people are very friendly, responsive, communicative and caring. By looking at these factors you can get an idea that the person has a social personality. She had an interest in mathematics subjects and solving questions and was good at calculations which says she likes to do things systematically and orderly. Holland (1973) states that people who like to perform concrete tasks are called people. But the person had more social interests than realistic ones, so it can be expected that overall he was a social person. If we consider the relationship realistic and social personality, the congruence between them is very low, which explains why the person is more social than realistic. She feels more relaxed in a social environment as she is the most skilled person for it. She worked as an Internet, then as a Program Manager and later as a Department Coordinator at XYZ University. All these jobs require interaction with many people and she has trained for this. It shows the congruence between his work environment and his personality. His personality type fits that of the Dutch type, also his personality shows that he is a bit realistic but the social type dominates the realistic one and it was explored that the person was more social than realistic. (Zunker 2012) stated that the social type and the realistic type have very low congruence, which was easily demonstrated in the interview. (08:18). Another theory applied in its true sense was that of Donald Super (1990) who talks about three phases of life: lifespan, living space and self-concept. The person was in the establishment phase as his age ranged between 24 and 45 years. At this stage, he was stabilizing himself by strengthening his position in this job. (Niles and Haris, 2013). Looking at his answers, the interviewer can tell that the person was still in a transition phase as he said that he might think about changing jobs if he had a better opportunity than this. When we talked about his first job he said that he wanted to gain some experience in the work field and that's why he started working as an intern at the university(06:19). During the second one he felt some difficulties with the student as program manager (7:10) and this is why he always wanted to do some administrative work and enter at a higher level. (7:28) this shows that the person was in the exploration phase as they were trying hard and looking for the best job for them. By obtaining various work experiences, he crystallized his work preference which was administrative. He was in the career adaptability stage and was exploring hisinterest in working in different environments. The person was playing different roles in his life which he expressed in detail. The main role she played was that of daughter and sister to her brothers. (5pm). Being the elder sister, now all the responsibility is on her shoulders and she has to take on this role in a positive way. During the interview, it was found that after the master's degree the person was looking for a job and was very motivated to get the job even with the low salary. (6:25). His first job was as an intern and he did that job because he wanted to get some practical work experience. After taking on other jobs she became more focused and came to know her role more clearly. Working at the university was very important to her, as was her older sister, and she wanted to share the burden with her mother. At that time she played the role of a daughter. After doing other jobs, her role became clearer to her. It seemed like he felt happy playing all the roles because his family was very cooperative towards him and respected every decision he made in his life. As mentioned by Sharf (2010), career decisions are made in the early stages, as it is the most reflective period of one's life. When he took up administrative work from the Internet, he was not well aware of the job responsibilities at that time. During the first transition, she was unsure about her role as an administrator, but later, in the third transition, when she enrolled at XYZ University, she found it easy to fit into that environment and see her role clearly. At that moment he became aware of his roles and duties regarding work. At first, he was not considering a low pay scale as he wanted to get into the workspace, but as time passed, he felt that he should opt for high-level jobs that offer high pay scales. To see if there was any “contextual factor” involved in his life story, Mcmohan (2008) theory is used which states that there are some internal and external factors that influence the career development process. To relate this theory to the person's history, the internal factors are probably his interest and his personality that motivates him to do those jobs. He worked at different jobs because he felt comfortable doing so and it suited his personality and environment. By doing different jobs, the person gets to know his personality deeply. She was happy and satisfied working in different environments and in different educational institutions. (7:15). So it was seen that most of his decisions were influenced by internal factors. But external factors that we called environmental factors also played an important role in his life. The famous Schneider & Corry (2007) states that “people are generally social creatures and are influenced and motivated by social factors”. As he stated, due to financial problems he started working at an early age without completing his studies. The other reason given is that the death of the father affected the person badly and she was unable to complete her studies. He further added that he would have completed his studies and attended higher education if the situation had been different and his father had been alive. (1.53pm). She opted for the third job because it offered a high salary and the position offered was also high. She was very happy at XYZ University as her colleagues were very supportive and cooperative with her in every situation she faced. The other theory that can be integrated into the development of a person's career progression was Krumboltz's learning theory of career development. As he sayshe (1975) learning occurs mainly through our direct experience of the situation. During her various jobs as an intern and Program Manager, she discovers that she is better at administrative work than teaching students. This is because he has personally experienced that the nature of every job is different from each other and every job brings with it different roles and responsibilities. By working three or four jobs she became more confident and professional and achieved the skills that were required for the job she was doing at the time. If we talk about associative learning according to Krumboltz, the person knows very well that administrative work requires a lot of patience and multitasking, but still considers it good compared to the roles he would have in teaching or constantly dealing with students. This theory also talks about the possibilities, theopportunities that we get. It refers to the person who in this context took various opportunities as a tool to gain experience. She didn't know she was interested in administrative jobs at first, but taking a chance and working with students and administration narrowed her options. But she was always motivated to take up new opportunities and never missed an opportunity to enter a new environment and learn something from there. Talking about Savicka's narrative theory is the best approach to guide the person to create or build their own theory using the lifeline or life themes she has described. His emphasis on self-construction and the person was in the process of constructing himself by adapting to the environment or continually adapting to unfavorable conditions presented to him. The person tells his story by telling his past experience of how his father wanted him to become a doctor (13:45). His life themes have become clearly discussed about his life experiences. Life themes can be explored by developing or building your story. She began creating life themes by taking a job as an intern and then quit that job because she thought it wasn't right for her. He builds his own reality through direct experience. The person's self-construction was very strong. After her father's death, she remained very strong for her family and was in the process of building herself by giving her new opportunities thought of during these times. He has made several transitions in life and in each phase there are some experiences. For example, when she started her first job as an intern she was in the growth stage according to Super (1990), later she changed jobs and started to explore herself, i.e. the next stage of life. She found comfort in doing an administrative job where she explored her interests and duties and became an administrator and is now in the establishment phase. Over time she has become aware of the external factors that can influence her professional decisions but has adapted effectively to the environmental conditions that play a vital role in anyone's life. Assessing his personality and work experience, he seemed to be an extroverted person as described by Jung in his psychodynamic theory (1975), according to which there are two types of personality, one is introverted and the other is extroverted. By seeing the person's past experience and relating their past events to current ones, you can get an idea that they were more extroverted and a little introverted. She loves interacting with people and making new friends is what she enjoys doing. She enjoys spending her free time with her siblings playing video games and hanging out with friends. She enjoys working in a collaborative environment where she can communicate with people and get new ideas from other people in the work area. He was observed talking about his related childhood memory.