Ionizing radiation is a treatment method commonly used to treat cancer. Radiotherapy uses high-energy particles or waves, such as X-rays, gamma rays, electron or proton beams, to destroy or damage cancer cells. The radiation can be delivered from a machine outside the body (external beam radiation therapy), or it can come from radioactive material placed in the body near tumor cells (internal radiation therapy, also called brachytherapy). Radiotherapy used to treat breast cancer. Breast cancer can be treated with indifferent treatment methods such as surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and biological therapy. Treatments apply depending on the stage and grade of the cancer (how big it is and how far it has spread), your general health, and whether menopause has occurred. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay Radiation therapy uses controlled doses of radiation to kill cancer cells. It is usually given after surgery to kill any remaining cancer cells. The type of radiation therapy will depend on the cancer and the type of surgery. Some women may not need radiation therapy. The types and available are:? Breast radiation therapy: After breast-conserving surgery, radiation therapy is applied to all remaining breast tissue. Chest wall radiation therapy: After a mastectomy, radiation therapy is applied to the chest wall.? Breast augmentation: Some women may be offered increased high-dose radiotherapy to the area where the cancer has been removed; however, enhancement can affect the appearance of the breasts, particularly if the patient has large breasts, and can sometimes have other side effects, including hardening of the breast tissue (fibrosis). Radiotherapy to the lymph nodes – where radiotherapy is targeted to the axilla (armpit) and surrounding area to kill any cancer that may be present in the lymph nodes. Ultrasound Treatment Ultrasound is not only used to diagnose one disease, but also to treat another disease. Focused ultrasound is one of the ultrasound treatment technologies used to treat Parkinson's disease. Focused ultrasound is an early-stage, non-invasive therapeutic technology with the potential to improve quality of life and reduce the cost of care for patients with Parkinson's disease. This new technology focuses ultrasonic energy beams precisely and accurately on targets deep in the brain without damaging surrounding normal tissue. At the point where the beams converge, the ultrasound produces a series of therapeutic effects that allow Parkinson's disease to be treated without surgery. There is currently no cure for Parkinson's and the main options for treating motor symptoms include drug therapy and invasive surgery, but focused ultrasound could provide a non-invasive alternative treatment to surgery with less risk. Relief of Motor Symptoms Focused ultrasound has the potential to achieve symptomatic relief by causing thermal lesions deep in the brain to disrupt circuits involved in tremor and dyskinesia. Symptoms and goals evaluated for treatment using focused ultrasound include:? Parkinsonian tremor – target in the thalamus (thalamotomy).? Parkinsoniandiskinesia – target in the globus pallidus (pallidotomy) or in the subthalamic nucleus.? Parkinsonian tremor or akinesia – target in the pallidothalamic tract. Laser Therapy Laser therapy is a medical treatmentwhich uses a strong beam of light to cut, burn or destroy tissue. The term LASER stands for Amplification of Light by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Lasers can be used for many medical purposes. Because the laser beam is so small and precise, it allows healthcare professionals to treat tissue safely without damaging the surrounding area. Laser lithotripsy is one of the laser treatments used to remove kidney stones. Lasers are often used for:? Treat varicose veins? Improve vision during eye surgery on the cornea? Repair a detached retina of the eye? Remove the prostate? Remove kidney stones? Removing tumors Treatment with ionizing radiation Radiotherapy kills cancer cells by damaging their DNA (the molecules within cells that carry genetic information and pass it from one generation to the next). Radiotherapy can directly damage DNA or create charged particles (free radicals) inside cells that can in turn damage DNA. Unlike cancer treatment, radiation therapy could cause cancer. When atoms in living cells become ionized, one of three things usually happens: the cell dies, repairs itself, or mutates incorrectly and can become cancerous. Not all cells are affected by ionizing radiation in the same way. If a breast cancer patient requires radiation therapy, treatment will begin about a month after surgery or chemotherapy to give the patient's body a chance to recover. In general, a breast cancer person will likely undergo radiation therapy sessions three to five days a week, for three to six weeks, and each session will last only a few minutes. Radiotherapy has side effects in addition to causing cancer cells. It may irritate and darken the skin of the breast, which can lead to irritation, redness and tearing of the skin, extreme tiredness (fatigue), affect your sex life, and accumulation of excess fluid in the arm caused by blockage of the lymph nodes under the breast. arm. Radiotherapy offers an effective treatment for advanced cancer, and the main goal of radiation treatment is to inhibit the multiplication potential of cancer cells and ultimately kill them. However, radioresistance and repopulation (recurrence or recurrence) at the primary site and malignant areas remain a significant clinical challenge in cancer control. Some tumors are intrinsically radioresistant, while others acquire radioresistance during treatment. To overcome radioresistance of tumor cells, it will be difficult to identify tumor-specific pathways and inhibitors. Focused ultrasound therapy Focused ultrasound that uses lower intensities, producing increased temperature (hyperthermia) and mechanical agitation, can also be used to deliver medications to the brain and other areas of the body. For example, focused ultrasound beams are being explored to temporarily open the blood-brain barrier to allow drugs to be delivered to diseased brain tissue. This technique involves infusing a therapeutic agent along with gas-filled microbubbles into the bloodstream. Ultrasound is then applied to target areas of the brain, causing the bubbles to vibrate, loosening the tight junctions of the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels and allowing high concentrations of the drug to enter the targeted tissues. Focused ultrasound is a completely non-invasive method of thalamotomy, a procedure in which a small predefined volume of brain tissue containing tremor-causing nerve cells, which